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Things To Know About The Common Gynaecological Problems

Reviewed by: Dr. Shaheen Akhtar

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Gynaecological health is an important aspect of a woman’s overall well-being. Despite its prevalence, we often tend to ignore the warning signs. We start living with them. These issues usually begin with irregular menstrual cycles, pelvic pain, etc. Here, we discuss a few common gynae conditions, their causes, symptoms and treatment options. 

 

Why Early Detection of Gynaecological Problems is so Crucial?

  • You can ensure that the treatment measures are implemented in time. This prevents the disorders from progressing to something dangerous. Prompt treatments greatly alleviate the symptoms, assuring successful management.

  • Sometimes, gynaecological problems may even cause cancer. Detecting the disorders early will allow your doctor to take up suitable preventive measures.

  • Endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or uterine fibroids are some common gynaecological problems. They greatly interfere with your reproductive health. The earlier these diseases get detected, the more effective the preservation will be and your fertility will be protected.

  • You may not notice, but gynaecological problems often take a toll on your mental health. So, early detection can reduce your discomfort and improve your quality of life. 

Consult our gynaecological hospital in Mysore if you need to learn more about common gynaecological problems and treatment. 

Let us now discover the most common gynaecological problems. 

Most Common Gynaecological Problems

Menstrual Disorders

Menstrual disorders are often the root cause of most gynaecological diseases. They present as:

  • Irregular periods

  • Heavy or prolonged bleeding

  • Missed periods

Usually, menstrual disorders occur because of:

  • Hormonal imbalances

  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

  • Thyroid disorders

  • Uterine fibroids

The reason can be any one or in combination. 

  • Depending on your condition, the doctor may follow the treatment with 

  • Hormonal contraceptives to regulate your period cycle.

  • Hormonal therapy to treat heavy, painful, and irregular periods. 

  • Lifestyle modifications, like dietary changes, exercises, quitting smoking, etc.

  • Surgical intervention in severe cases. These procedures include:

    • Hysteroscopy

    • Hysterectomy

    • Endometrial ablation

    • Uterine fibroid embolisation

If left untreated menstrual disorders may lead to endometrial polyps, endometrial cancer, Polycystic ovarian syndrome, and many others.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

It is a multifactorial endocrine disorder. PCOS is the most prevailing cause of infertility. In India, around 3.7% to 22.5% of women develop PCOS. Our unhealthy and sedentary lifestyle and diet habits are the main reasons for this concern. Other than your lifestyle, it can affect you because of insulin resistance and hormonal imbalances
The most common symptoms of PCOS are

  • Irregular periods
  • Acne
  • Excess facial hair growth
  • Weight gain

An obstetric specialist usually recommends the following treatment plans.

  • Lifestyle changes (diet, exercise)

  • Hormonal contraceptives

  • Anti-androgen medications

Endometriosis

Your uterus contains a tissue lining. With this disease, a similar lining grows outside the uterus. You experience severe pelvic pain. This may even make it difficult for you to conceive. It can last from your first menstrual cycle till menopause.
Generally, the signs of endometriosis are

  • Pelvic pain

  • Painful periods

  • Pain during intercourse

The treatment methods vary between the following:

  • Pain medications

  • Hormonal therapies

  • Laparoscopic surgery to remove endometrial tissue

  • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

It is the infection of the women's reproductive organs. PID most commonly occurs when sexually transmitted bacteria start spreading from your vagina. It can reach your ovaries, uterus, or fallopian tubes.

The symptoms of PID include

  • Pelvic pain

  • Abnormal vaginal discharge

  • Fever

The causes behind this disease are:

  • Sexually transmitted bacteria

  • Disruption of the cervical barrier

  • If bacteria enter your urinary tract during IUD insertion.

Your doctor will put you on antibiotics and ask you to rest. This is the most common treatment approach. If your condition gets severe, you may be hospitalised. 

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

This can occur in any part of your urinary tract. However, the most commonly affected area is the lower part. It includes the bladder and urethra. If this infection spreads to your kidney, the results can be fatal. 

The general UTI symptoms include:

  • Pain or burning sensation during urination

  • Frequent urination 

  • Cloudy urine

Bacterial infection of the urinary tract causes this disease. The most common bacteria type is Escherichia coli (E. coli). Unprotected sex can also lead to UTIs.

It usually gets treated with antibiotics. Increase your fluid intake as much as possible to flush out the bacteria. 

Vaginal Infections

It is the inflammation of your vagina. It is so common that one-third of women worldwide get diagnosed with this disease. You are more prone to developing vaginal infections between your late teenage to early 40s.

Look out for the following warning signs:

  • Itching
  • Burning
  • Abnormal discharge

The most common causes of vaginal infections are

  • Yeast infections (Candida) 

  • Bacterial vaginosis

  • Your treatment options include

  • Antifungal medications for yeast infections 

  • Antibiotics for bacterial vaginosis

  • Uterine Fibroids

These are uterine growths. They usually form during the years of your childbirth. Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous. However, detecting them is necessary to avoid pregnancy complications. 

The typical symptoms of this disease include

  • Pelvic pain

  • Heavy menstrual bleeding

  • Frequent urination

There is no accurate evidence proving what causes uterine fibroids. However, the contributing factors are:

  • Gene changes

  • Abnormal hormonal levels

  • Insulin-like growth factors

  • Extracellular matrix (ECM)

They can usually be treated with:

  • Medications

  • Hormonal therapy

  • Myomectomy (surgical removal of fibroids) 

  • Hysterectomy in severe cases

Ovarian Cysts

These are fluid-filled sacs known as cysts developed within or around the ovaries. It generally occurs during pregnancy or menopausal days. Ovarian cysts mostly go away within one or a few months. However, it can cause severe complications if it does not. 

The symptoms of ovarian cysts are:

  • Pelvic pain

  • Bloating

  • Changes in the menstrual cycle

The fluid-filled sacs on or within the ovaries cause this disease.

Most cysts get cured on their own. However, it is important to monitor their condition. If they don’t disappear normally, your doctor may recommend:

  • Hormonal contraceptives

  • Surgical removal

To receive the best professional care, visit Manipal Hospitals, Mysore, now. Consult the top gynaecologist there to detect potential complications and start with the treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions

The most effective method to prevent yourself from experiencing gynaecological problems is by changing your lifestyle. Stop eating junk food. Exercise regularly. Keep yourself as stress-free as possible.
 

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