Manipal Hospitals

Premature Birth

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Premature Birth

A premature birth is one that occurs before the 37th week of pregnancy is completed. Babies born prematurely may have underdeveloped organs, part...

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Premature Birth: Symptom, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

A premature birth is one that occurs before the 37th week of pregnancy is completed. Babies born prematurely may have underdeveloped organs, particularly the brain and lungs, and require specialised medical treatment. Factors contributing to premature birth include maternal infections, multiple births, chronic health problems, and complications during pregnancy. Manipal Hospitals provides comprehensive management for premature birth through advanced neonatal services.

Symptoms of Premature Birth

Premature birth symptoms may include regular uterine contractions, lower abdominal cramping, back pain, and pelvic pressure. Some women may experience changes in vaginal discharge or fluid leakage before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Early recognition allows timely medical intervention. 

How We Diagnose Premature Birth

The first diagnostic step involves a clinical assessment of maternal symptoms and an obstetric examination. This includes the evaluation of contractions, a cervical examination, and an ultrasound assessment of cervical length and foetal status. Additional tests, such as foetal fibronectin, may be suggested to determine the risk of preterm delivery and further treatment.

Treatment Options

Premature birth treatment aims to delay delivery if possible and also improve neonatal outcomes. Management may include medications to reduce uterine contractions, corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity, and hospital-based monitoring for both the mother and the baby.

What to Expect

At Manipal Hospitals, women who are at risk of premature birth undergo careful evaluation to determine the cause and severity of preterm labour. The clinical approach focuses on delaying delivery where possible while minimising risks for both the mother and the baby.

Initial management includes monitoring uterine activity, foetal heart rate, and maternal health status. Doctors may recommend hospital admission for closer observation, especially if contractions are frequent and associated with cervical changes.

Medications may be administered to delay labour and allow time for foetal development. If required, corticosteroids are prescribed to promote lung maturity in the baby and reduce the risk of respiratory complications after birth. In certain cases, magnesium sulphate may be given for foetal neuroprotection.

A multidisciplinary team provides immediate neonatal care if delivery cannot be postponed. Preterm infants may require support in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for breathing, feeding, and temperature regulation. Ongoing follow-up visits ensure monitoring of both maternal recovery and the baby’s development, improving long-term health outcomes.

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